What are the two major political parties in the United States?

The Democratic and Republican parties are the two major political parties in the United States, a distinction that stems from their historical dominance in the political landscape since the mid-19th century. The Democratic Party, which originated in the early 19th century, generally supports a platform that emphasizes social equality, environmental issues, and labor rights. The Republican Party, founded in the 1850s, traditionally advocates for limited government, free market policies, and individual liberties.

This bipartite system has shaped American politics, where most elected officials at federal, state, and local levels are affiliated with one of these two parties. They dominate in terms of representation, funding, and influence, making it challenging for smaller parties, such as the Libertarian or Green parties, to gain significant traction in elections. Understanding this landscape is crucial for civic literacy, as it provides insight into the political choices available to voters and the dynamics of governance in the U.S.